Swiss Passport

Who holds judicial power (the judiciary) at federal level?

Wer hat auf Bundesebene die richterliche Gewalt (Judikative)?

Correct answer: B

  1. A the members of Parliamentdie Parlamentarierinnen und Parlamentarier
  2. B the Federal Supreme Courtdas Bundesgericht
  3. C the governmentsdie Regierungen
  4. D the militarydas Militär

Why

Judicial power lies with the courts. At federal level, the highest court is the Federal Supreme Court.

Common mistakes

A: the members of Parliament
Members of Parliament make laws (legislature). They do not deliver judgments.
C: the governments
Governments carry out the laws (executive). Judging is a matter for the courts.

Topic

Legislature, executive, judiciary (and the media)

In Switzerland the power of the state is divided among three branches. This is called the separation of powers. In German the word «Gewalt» here does not mean violence but power. No person and no authority should have all the power. The branches control each other. This prevents abuse of power. The separation of powers exists at all three levels of government: in the Confederation, in the cantons and in the municipalities.

Separation of powers

The three powers control each other.

Legislature

Legislative

makes the laws

Confederation

Federal Assembly

Bundesversammlung

National Council 200 + Council of States 46

Canton of Zurich

Cantonal Council

Kantonsrat

180 members

Executive

Exekutive

carries out the laws

Confederation

Federal Council

Bundesrat

7 members

Canton of Zurich

Cantonal Government

Regierungsrat

7 members

Judiciary

Judikative

judges according to the law

Confederation

Federal Supreme Court

Bundesgericht

Lausanne

Canton of Zurich

Courts

Fourth power the media, which observe politics and the authorities critically.

How the state works
Separation of powers

Sources

Last checked: September 2026

Question 68 of the official question list of the Canton of Zurich (Gemeindeamt, May 2025). Translation and explanation: Swiss Passport.

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