Swiss Passport

Which founding cantons (Urkantone) formed an alliance in 1291?

Welche Urkantone schlossen sich 1291 zu einem Bündnis zusammen?

Correct answer: D

  1. A St. Gallen, Thurgau, SchaffhausenSt. Gallen, Thurgau, Schaffhausen
  2. B Geneva, Vaud, FribourgGenf, Waadt, Freiburg
  3. C Bern, Zurich, ZugBern, Zürich, Zug
  4. D Uri, Schwyz, UnterwaldenUri, Schwyz, Unterwalden

Why

In 1291, the three valley communities on Lake Lucerne recorded their alliance in the Federal Charter (Bundesbrief). That is why they are called the founding cantons (Urkantone).

Common mistakes

C: Bern, Zurich, Zug
Zurich, Zug and Bern only joined the Confederation in the 14th century (1351 to 1353).
B: Geneva, Vaud, Fribourg
Geneva, Vaud and Fribourg were outside the alliance at that time; Geneva and Vaud only became cantons in the 19th century.

Topic

1291, the Rütli and William Tell

At the beginning of August 1291, three valley communities on Lake Lucerne formed an alliance: Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden. They are called the founding cantons (Urkantone). Today Unterwalden is divided into two cantons: Obwalden and Nidwalden. The alliance is recorded in a document in Latin, the Federal Charter. In it, the valley communities promised each other mutual help and wanted to settle disputes peacefully.

Timeline of Swiss history
  1. 58 BCHelvetii and Romans
  2. 1291The Rütli and William Tell
  3. 1515Marignano
  4. 1523The Reformation
  5. 1798The French and Napoleon
  6. 1815Neutrality
  7. 1848Sonderbund War and the federal state
  8. 19th c.From agrarian state to industrial state
  9. 1918National general strike
  10. 1939–1945Second World War
  11. 1948Prosperity and AHV
  12. 1970Immigration and the Schwarzenbach initiative
  13. 1971Women's suffrage and equal rights
  14. 1979The youngest canton: Jura

History of Switzerland
Beginnings and the Old Swiss Confederacy

Sources

Last checked: September 2026

Question 226 of the official question list of the Canton of Zurich (Gemeindeamt, May 2025). Translation and explanation: Swiss Passport.

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